The Appendicular Skeleton

The clavicle is a long bone, yet it has no medullary hole. The clavicle underpins the scapula and arms, it secures further structures (veins, for instance) in the upper chest, and it transmits sway from the arms to the hub skeleton. The scapula is connected to the chest and vertebral section by muscles. The pectoral supports append the furthest points (appendages) to the hub skeleton and give connection locales to numerous muscles that move the upper appendages. The 2 pectoral supports and the related muscles structure your shoulders.The pectoral supports are truly adaptable and permit the upper appendages a lot of adaptability. They grant development in numerous ways at the shoulder joint. The attachment of the shoulder joint is little, shallow, and inadequately strengthened with tendons. This game plan is useful for adaptability, however it isn't entirely steady. Shoulder disengagements are hence genuinely normal. The UPPER LIMBS (furthest points) (FIGS. 8. 4-8. 8) comprise of 60 b ones; 30 bones for every appendage. These are the bones of the arms, wrists, and hands.They incorporate the HUMERUS, ULNA, RADIUS, CARPALS, METACARPALS, and PHALANGES. The PELVIC GIRDLE (hip support) (FIGS. 8. 9-8. 11 and TABLE 8. 1) joins the lower furthest points (appendages) to the pivotal skeleton, and it bolsters and ensures the instinctive organs of the pelvic hole. The pelvic support is a solid and stable help for the lower appendages. While the shoulder support moves fairly uninhibitedly and permits the arms a lot of portability, the pelvic support is made sure about to the pivotal skeleton by probably the most grounded tendons of the body.Its attachments, which articulate with the thigh bones, are profound and cup-like and are vigorously strengthened with tendons. Despite the fact that both the shoulder and hip joints are ball-and-attachment joints, the thigh can't move in its attachment with a similar level of opportunity as the arm can in the shoulder joint. Adaptability in the hip joint is relinquished for solidness. The pelvic support comprises of the 2 HIPBONES (coxal bones). Every hipbone of an infant comprises of 3 bones: the superior ILIUM, the substandard and front PUBIS, and the sub-par and back ISCHIUM. In the long run these wire into one COMPOSITE bone.The region where they all circuit is known as the ACETABULUM, which fills in as the attachment for the femur. The PUBIS of the hipbones meet anteriorly at the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS. The hipbones articulate posteriorly with the sacrum at the SACROILIAC JOINT. The 2 hipbones, with the sacrum and coccyx, structure the bowl like structure called the PELVIS. The LOWER LIMBS (furthest points) comprises of 60 bones (FIG. 8. 12-8. 17); 30 bones for each appendage. These incorporate the FEMUR (thighbone), PATELLA (kneecap), FIBULA and TIBIA (lower leg), TARSALS (anklebones and impact point bones), METATARSALS (feet), and PHALANGES (toes).

Family and Cousin free essay sample

Human conduct can be investigated by investigating the various parts of a person’s life. These angles incorporate the organic, mental, social, social and profound. These perspectives can enable social specialists to more readily comprehend the foundation history of a person’s life and assemble data so as to do an exact appraisal of an individual. This paper doesn't expect to make an evaluation yet it’s rather an educational paper so as to find and comprehend the different frameworks of a person’s life. Moreover this paper will likewise concentrate on how these frameworks associate with each other. I decided to do this paper on my cousin who just turned into a mother and she is presently figuring out how to adjust to her better approach forever. I think she is in an intriguing stage with regards to her life and that is likewise why I picked her. My cousin and I are just a year separated in age and she picked an alternate way from the one that is normal after she moved on from secondary school. She chose not to attend a university and started to work doing irregular retail employments until she got a changeless line of work as a leader. We are so extraordinary now however a couple of years back we got along and shared a great deal of things for all intents and purpose. Her relationship with her mom has likewise changed and since my cousin is a mother, they appear to see each other better. BIO-PHYSICAL My cousin’s name is Carla Sanchez and she is twenty two years of age and the most youthful of three. She is 5’5 and before she had the child she had lost so much weight however now she recaptured a portion of that weight back. She has dim long hair and dim earthy colored eyes. Before she became pregnant she began to look all starry eyed at her baby’s father and lost a great deal of weight. During her high school years she was not as resolved to get more fit as she was the point at which she was nineteen when she met her life partner. During her pregnancy her body experienced some physical changes. She didn't have rash yearnings and she ate the nourishments she typically eats however in bigger parts. She picked up around sixty pounds and now she appears as though the manner in which she did before she lost the weight. Her weight when she was a more youthful kid before the adolescent years looks like that of her mom. My auntie had a normal weight since she was not thin but rather she was not overweight either. My cousin’s weight at that point was normal like her mother’s in light of the fact that because of the qualities that were passed down to her through her mom. My cousin’s infant is a young lady and looks progressively like her dad however she has my cousin’s straight hair. Since it has been half a month after labor my cousin designs and is resolved to lose the weight once more. She appears as though her mom and both have a solid mother and little girl relationship. She is extremely receptive and exceptionally out spoken. Her mom is additionally a liberal individual. As per the natural determinism hypothesis it is apparent that a person’s character and physical appearance is implanted into a kid from birth trough hereditary qualities. My cousin’s guardians separated from when she was a little youngster and hence she has consistently been near her mom and that is the reason my auntie has had the option to incredibly impact my cousin’s conduct. A large portion of her life she has been progressively appended to her mom.  According to Erikson’s hypotheses of mental improvement my cousin is in the closeness versus confinement stage. My cousin’s adolescence and high school years have cruised by. All that is left of her adolescence and high school years are recollections. She started working at cafés during her secondary school years and has remained with that vocation. She has gone from being a server when she was sixteen to an entertainer. Anyway she is considering returning to class since she was her little girl to admire her when her girl is more seasoned. My cousin didn't get hitched and she isn't living with her sweetheart. She inhabits home with her child and her mom. All her time is committed to her infant anyway there have been times when she is overpowered with the undertaking of bringing up a youngster and her mom encourages her so she can at any rate have some an opportunity to rest. As indicated by Paiget my cousin is at the stage four which depends on formal tasks. At this level issues are presently moved toward utilizing rationale, reason and combinational idea. Additionally people at this phase with formal tasks can consider their own musings, emotions and consider thinking. I believe that now Paiget is concentrating on how we can glance back at our past and reflect. My cousin can do this now and she presently ponders how her mom raised her with the goal that she can bring up her little girl a similar way. My cousin continually stresses whether she is bringing her kid up in a legitimate manner or to the degree that it is relied upon of a mother to bring up her youngster. She lives with her mom and her mom causes her by offering her guidance from how to comfort the kid to how to give the child a shower. My cousin’s companion had her infant before my cousin and when her companion met my cousin’s youngster she was additionally offering her guidance on scraper to deal with the infant. She is getting information on the most proficient method to bring up her youngster from individuals, for example, her mom that have had long stretches of experience bringing up kids. Her companion disclosed to her that she stresses to whether she is dealing with her child the correct way. My cousin needs to bear a mental just as physical adjustment. Paiget depicts adjustment as the procedure by which structures of the psyche create after some time to accomplish a superior fit with nature and outside the real world. My cousin is as yet eating food in huge segments as she did when she was pregnant yet now she is drinking more milk since she decided to breastfeed her infant. In this way she continues putting on weight and is likewise worried. To the extent her psychological state she is pushed and can't concentrate on herself since she is continually contemplating the prosperity of her infant. She stresses the same amount of as different moms do on the grounds that she needs her child to be cheerful. She said that her child is by all accounts irritable more often than not and essentially she is devoting all her an opportunity to comfort the infant. My cousin had figured out how to adjust to her new job as a mother and she should keep up as the infant experiences various phases of her life. SOCIAL She has not been working since July and her public activity isn't as it used to be before she had the child. Anyway she was visited by her godparents and numerous companions when she brought the child home. They have given the child blessings and perceiving how others have acted towards the infant satisfies her. My cousin is attempting her best to impersonate her mom since she cherishes her mom and needs to follow her recommendation with the goal that she can bring up a glad youngster. As indicated by the social learning hypothesis practices are interceded by considerations, desires just as feelings and stresses the significance of observational learning or displaying. In my cousin’s case she considers her to be as a model mother that she needs to emulate. To the extent I realize my auntie truly yielded a great deal so that my cousin’s could have a superior life than the one she had. I have perceived how magnanimous my auntie has been particularly with my cousin Carla in light of the fact that she is the most youthful one. My cousin needs the endorsement of her mom in all that she does in light of the fact that she has been appended to my auntie. Her sibling and sister live far away from them. My cousin has stayed in contact with her kindred associates and a considerable lot of them stayed with her when she brought the infant home. One of her companions who is an instructor and brought her a gigantic box of spoils. He likewise offered her some child rearing guidance since he, as a dad of three, feels that he has had enough involvement in kids. He was exceptionally glad to see the child and a significant number of her companions came to see the infant also. Despite the fact that my cousin has not gone out since she conceived an offspring in November 30th, she has had her companions approach her place to see the child. Anyway her weeks have transformed into a similar daily practice of simply remaining at home to deal with her child. The baby’s father likewise visits her however not very frequently in light of the fact that their relationship isn't on favorable terms. My cousin is attempting to be the mother that society anticipates that her should be nevertheless above all she is attempting to impersonate her own mom. My auntie is an intense devotee to the Catholic confidence and she brought her kids up in a similar confidence as she was brought up in. Every last bit of her three kids were absolved, did the fellowships and went to mass on Sundays. Until this day my auntie doesn't miss a mass at her neighborhood church. Her youngsters anyway have not been as given as my auntie has been. My cousin Carla quit going to chapel after her young years when she moved on from secondary school and went through her ends of the week working. Anyway my auntie consistently attempts to ensure that my cousin doesn't free her confidence. As indicated by James V. Fowler’s hypothesis of confidence advancement my cousin is at the stage 5 which is the individuative-intelligent confidence. In this stage youthful grown-ups question the convictions and stories they have gotten from family, companions and other social gatherings. My cousin doesn't think everything that my auntie was educated about Catholicism. For instance my cousin didn't get hitched and chose to bring up a youngster as a single parent. My auntie didn't affirm of this since she was trained that a lady must be a virgin until she gets hitched. Her other little girl moved in with her sweetheart and afterward got hitched. My auntie didn't favor of this either. My auntie accepts that salvation is gotten by following the church’s holy observances yet my cousin accepts that nobody truly realizes how to get salvation. She likewise feels that God is all over and in this manner she doesn't have to go to mass each Sunday. My auntie was brought up in an extremely strict home and in her local nation religion assumes a significant job throughout everyday life except her kids who were brought up in the United States have figured out how to rehearse their

Love, organically

Love, organically DID YOU KNOW? about the pretty awesome freeware photo editing software Picasa, unsurprisingly affiliated with Google? At the request of some commenters, I will have some integration bee sample problems up tomorrow for your integration by parts-ing pleasure. Right now I have a story to tell you. If theres anything I learned from MITblogging, its that Mitra would secretly like to erase all evidence of her existence from the internet. However, you cant go around making embarrassing entries like this one about people and expect nobody to ever post videos of you. Once upon a time at MIT, Sarah Tabacco was a black-clad, curly-haired, fluorine-hating organic chemistry lecturer with impeccable handwriting and blackboard skills beyond reproach. One of the most popular lecturers in the history of the world among students of all majors and genders, Professor Tabacco sought to teach organic chemistry in a rapid, compendious, yet still accessible fashion while emphasizing three major points: 1. Cyclobutene is NOT FLAT. 2. Stereochemistry is the most important thing in the world because of THALIDOMIDE. 3. Fluorine is a TERRIBLE nucleophile. Despite the 59 I received on Dr. Tabaccos second test (my lowest grade at MIT for three semesters), I never stopped loving her, even for one moment. I was unsurprised to find that Mitra had almost exactly the same experience except for her higher score on the test. Thus, both of our hearts sank when we discovered from an upperclassman chemistry major who worked in Dr. Tabaccos lab that she would in fact be leaving MIT to move to New York with her husband, where she had received a faculty position at Raritan Valley Community College. Both of us were, of course, terribly disappointed that she was already married, but even moreso that wed probably never have a chance to see her again after the end of 5.12: Organic Chemistry. So, in the midst of studying for the last exam, poring over pages and pages of notes about strong nucleophiles and SN1 or E2 reactions, enolate equilibria and PCC, carboxylic acids and turning the imaginary steering wheel to the right, we got more than a little exci ted and decided that Dr. Tabacco deserved more than just the 6.7 / 7 she invariably got on the course evaluation of every class she taught at MIT. She deserved a tribute video. And so, we sent Dr. Tabacco an e-mail. Now, I dont have the original text, but if I remember correctly, it went something like Dear Dr. Tabacco, We had a question about organic chemistry. We were wondering if fluorine was a good nucleophile or if it was possible to do an SN2 reaction with a Grignard reagent onto a tert-butyl halide. For the exact nature of our question, please look at this video here. Thanks, Mitra and Samuel Yes, we sent her this video, innocuously titled 5.12 at the time, but which I have since decided to dub Love, Organically. The next morning, we got a response. Now, again, I dont have the exact e-mail to quote for you, but if memory serves my correctly, it went a little something like this Mitra and Samual, [sic] That was totally the coolest thing I ever saw in my life. You guys are the best students ever, and I will remember you and treasure this video until the day I retire. Sincerely, Dr. Tabacco Perhaps my favorite part of this e-mail is that she actually signed it Dr. Tabacco. Im always made uncomfortable by authority figures trying to make me call them by their first namesone of my friends moms always says, Oh, call me Terry! I cant!! Even at my interview with Harvard, the guy said, Oh, call me Tim! and I was like, Ill try. very meekly. And in college its especially awkward when you write an e-mail to a professor asking for a UROP position or recommendation and you call them Dr. Coyne or whatever, and then they write back and say, Oh, Sam, come to my office at 3:00. Best, Wayne. Or, worse yet, they use a nickname like Paula or Kit and you just dont know how youre supposed to address them if you write an e-mail back! Because you cant call a professor by their first name just because you e-mailed them once, you know?. Of course, if I were to become a professor (not going to happen), I would just laugh at the ridiculously formal e-mails students usually write, and write back with lots of exclamation points and randomly capitalized words, and then sign it with something like, Lots of love, Spamtastic Once I had tenure, I mean. Anyway, I digress. The happy ending to our story of organic unity is that we got my TA to take this photograph on the last day of 5.12 for Spring 2004, which hangs on my door to this day. Most coincidentally, this picture was taken on May 12th (5/12) is exactly 512 pixels wide, and has the numbers 5, 1, and 2 in the background above the lecture hall. Do you see how terrible I look next to the radiant Dr. Tabacco? She really is that beautiful. And if you really want to have some fun, check out the OpenCourseWare for 5.12 and 5.13 the semesters Dr. Tabacco taught them. They are truly some of the 21st centurys greatest works of art thus far. and we all lived happily ever after. Now get some sleep.

Parental Concerns Video Games - 2035 Words

Parental Concerns: Parents are often worried about their children playing video games because of the cost, not only does the child need a new gaming console every year or so but they also need the accompanying games every few weeks to keep them occupied. DLC (downloadable content) is also another big issue, game developers have now realised that players will pay extra to play new missions, get new maps and even change the appearance of their character. This leaves parents with huge bills as often enough, once the bank details are in the console they can be reused over and over by the child without the parents consent. If the parents wish to buy a new gaming console, with all the accessories and a range of games to keep their child occupied†¦show more content†¦Game addiction is like all other addictions; the player even has withdrawal symptoms when they do not have access to it. Because of this, parents have developed and published strategies to help solve this problem; here are a few of the more viable solutions: †¢ Try and engage your child into another activity, for example a trading card game. Even though this option might just create a new addiction they will at least be socialising with others whilst doing it. †¢ Limit the amount of playtime your child is allowed to have, and then every week lower it until you are happy. This is a very lengthy process, which can take months to implement but is known to show results and work. †¢ Reward your child with gifts, treats and perhaps even money when they don’t play their games for every day they do not play their console. After playing video games, children often decide to re-enact and even imitate some of the actions that took place in the game. If the game is not violent and promotes good behaviour parents then this is not a problem, but if the game is violent this can sometimes end in catastrophic events that all parents are secretly are praying to prevent. Benefits: There’s no doubt that some, possibly all games have an educational value, whether it be something as little as giving the player a brief overview of a certain time in in history or as big

An Unarmed Police Military Arms Essay - 1770 Words

AB (Paragraph) INTRO September 11, 2001, America went under a terrorist attack causing the federal government to acquire new police powers and hire tens of thousands of new federal offices (Scaliger, 2011). On July 2, 2008 President Barack Obama stated â€Å"We cannot continue to rely only on our military in order to achieve the national security objectives that were set†. â€Å"We are well on our way to a civilian national security force that’s just as powerful, just as strong, just as well founded as the military†. August 9, 2014 an unarmed teen was shot and killed by a police officer. This incident took place in Ferguson, Missouri where video footage of police officers maneuvering Humvees and pointing assault rifles in innocent by standers and protesters faces causing controversies of whether local police force should have the power to bare military arms. Local police baring military arms is known as militarization of local police force. The militarization of the local police force has become an issue in the local community (Pivens, 2014). Innocent hard ­working civilians were returning home only to see police officers dressed in war gear (Stamper,2011). The image of police officers parading the streets with big guns dressed in body armor and shields have traumatized children (Scaliger, 2011). The military have been providing the local police with military style weapons to help police officers acquire enough power to handle a severe situation such as a hostage situations.Show MoreRelatedAdvantages Of Police Militarization712 Words   |  3 PagesThis paper provides an overview on how the police militarization in the New York City under the New York Police Department in affecting the culture of both police and people living the city. The paper further discusses the benefits and issues arising from police militarization. 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Financing of University Education in Kenya Free Essays

QN) With close reference to university education in Kenya, discuss the various means of financing education and evaluate the equity implications. To answer this claim, we start by defining critical terms so as to clearly get the full meaning of this assertion. Education is the process act or process of impacting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgement, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. We will write a custom essay sample on Financing of University Education in Kenya or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can also be defined as the process of acquiring desirable skills, attitudes and knowledge, as for a profession University education means the totality of general and specialized knowledge and skills that enable a university graduate to solve problems that he encounters in industry or to perform scientific research or pedagogical work within the area of specialized knowledge that he has acquired. Financing refer to how people allocate their assets over time and conditions of certainity and uncertainity while education financing refers to any aspect of raising and spending revenue for educational purposes. Kenya as one of the developing countries in Afrca is faced with the problem of financing its education. Despite the role of the universities in teaching, undertaking research and training of skilled manpower for economic development, public and private universities in developing countries especially those in Africa are facing financial crisis. Universities in Kenya gets financial aids from different sources which include; finances from parents, self finance, Banks-some banks give education loans to students or parents, cooperative societies, Constituency Development Funds[C. D. F], scholarships from educational institutions e. g universities, charitable organizations, HELB loans, Harambees, Donations, bursaries among others. Sources of educational funds are both internal and external. Internal funds refers to finances from within the institution for example; Fees from the students, Income generating activities among others. While external funds come from outside the university for example; Religious organizations, Funds from central and local government, companies and organizations, scholarships, loans, International bodies, Non- Governmental Organization(NGO’s) etc. Central and local government are generally the most important sources of educational finances. The government is generally the most important and crucial source of funding for university education. The government through the parliament passed a bill that seeks to introduce radical changes to higher education, establishing a Commission for University Education(C. U. E) to be vested with wide-ranging powers as one of four new bodies running the sector in the country. The universities Act 2012 published on 24th September in Kenya gazette supplement 121 and signed by higher education, science and technology minister Margaret Kamar abolishes the decades old Commission for Higher Education(C. H. E) which has hitherto regulated the sector and replaces it with the Commission for University Education. The universities Act 2012 stipulates that funds of a public university shall comprise: such sums as may be granted to the university by the parliament, such monies or assets as may accrue to or vest in the public university in the course of the exercise of its powers or the performance of its functions under this Act or under any other written law; and all monies from any other source provided for or donated or lent to the public university with the approval of the cabinet secretary responsible for finance and the cabinet secretary responsible for university education. this act mandates the central government to advance money to the public universities for running of the programmes and activities. The government gives grants to the public universities and this money is budgeted for, in the ministry for higher education budget and this is captured in the annual budget. The grants are given to all universities oblivious of the programmes that they offer. The government through the parliament passed a bill that saw the creation of the Constituency Development Act that was aimed to rationalize development across the country by ensuring that all areas across Kenya had a fair share of the money set aside for development. Through the various committees established in each constituency, students in the universities are able to access bursaries to aid them in paying school fees. This bursary is given to people who are needy and who cannot afford tuition fees. For the equal distribution of the funds, the Kenyan government is giving a lot of charters to the new mushrooming universities, this is to make sure all the regions in the country get access to higher education hence equity implications. Higher Education Loans Board(H. E. L. B) is another source of funding. H. E. L. B is a state corporation whose mandate is to source funds and provide loans, scholarships and bursaries to Kenyans studying in recognized institutions of Higher learning. It was established by an act of parliament a statute known as Higher Education Loans Board Act 1995,,and it was legally as Act number 3 of 1995. It came into existence on 21st July, 1995 through Kenya gazette supplement (CAP 213A). higher education loans board administers the student loans scheme. The board is also empowered to recover all outstanding loans given to former university students by the government of Kenya since 1952 through Higher Education Loans Fund(HELF) and to establish a revolving fund from which funds can be drawn to lend out to needy Kenyan students pursuing higher education. The establishment of a revolving fund was expected to ease pressure on the exchequer in financing education which currently stands at 40% of the annual national budget. Its vision is to be the best preferred financier of Kenyans pursuing higher education and the mission is to provide affordable loans bursaries and scholarships to Kenyans studying in recognized institutions of higher education. The board disburses loans to any Kenyan undergraduate students enrolled in government or self-sponsored programmes in Kenyan universities and other universities in other member states of east Africa community recognized by the Commision for higher education(CHE) The government through Higher Educations Loans Board ensures equity is maintained in acquisition of higher educaton since throough the electronic and online application of the sponsorship by the government, all needy students can apply for the loan irrespective of where they come from since the loan is granted depending on the level of need. Besides the loan being given to only students who qualify to go to the university by getting the required cluster set by Joint Admission Board(JAB), also students who have attained the minimum entry requirements of being admitted by a university in Kenya which is a C+(plus) are able to access this grant hence allowing them to get university education through the Self-sponsored program and thus ensuring equity across the two programs. Financing of higher education in Kenya is also be done by institutions and organizations. For instance, Kenya Youth Education scholarship Fund has a mission to help needy and deserving youth with limited financial resources who display academic excellence and the desire to acquire practical skills and knowledge to enhance self reliance by pursuing higher education. The scholarship that they advance to the qualified candidates only caters for tuition and upkeep only but the cost of other accessories like personal effects is on the beneficiary. This scholarship is mostly biased to women and the aim is to enhance equity so that the girl child can as well access higher education as their male counter parts who form a large chuck of the students in the universities. USAID is another institution that sponsors university in Kenya. Each year, it sponsors around 18 higher education scholarships to Kenyan students. These scholarship are offered to students from marginalized communities in Eastern and north Eastern regions and urban slums of Nairobi. The scholarship targets the minority muslim group. For one to qualify he or she must have attained the minimum of getting entry in university in Kenya. The aim for the cholarship is to bridge the gap that is so prevalent in these regions since most people don’t get the chance to pursue higher education because of the cultural dictates where girls are married off at an early age and where girl-child education is not treated with a lot of importance that it deserves. The effort by USAID ensures that most girls from these environments get university education and empowers. Some universities get direct offers of international and local scholarships. For instance Kenyatta university through the office of Orphans and Vulnerable students gives scholarships to total and/or partial orphans to enable them to pursue their university education with a lot of ease. The scholarship usually covers full tuition fees for students wwho are total orphans and have been admitted to Kenyatta university. The selection is done after a careful scrutiny of documents to ascertain the level of need for the applicants. For the case of partial scholarships, the university pays 25% of the total tuition fees every year until the end of the degree program. The scholarship is given to students with proven high level of performance and genuine need for financial assistance. The university also caters for other students who have been admitted to the university and are already enrolled in one of the its programs. It gives internal butsaries to students with financial need based on the level of vulnerable students. Also, the university awards post graduate scholarships which cover the tuition fees for masters programs. The scholarship is awarded based on higher academic performance. Many universities have followed suit and are awarding scholarships to their students. This effort helps in ensuring that as many people are able to access university education even those who come from poor and destitute backgrounds because when their tuition fees is paid for, then they find it very easy to get some money for upkeep but if they have problems of fees payment, then their education may be disrupted and may be halted. Other organizations like UNESCO have fellowships that are offered to both students and teachers who want to pursue higher education in fields that enhance sustainable human development and foster international understanding and a culture of peace. It offers fellowships in the following thematic areas; education, natural sciences, social, human sciences, culture, communication and information. The aim is to enhance equity and access of university education since these are mostly given to students who exhibit some level of financial need and are high performers in academics. How to cite Financing of University Education in Kenya, Essay examples

Framework for Evaluating Sustainability Indicators - MyAssignmenthelp.

Question: Discuss about the Framework for Evaluating Sustainability Indicators. Answer: Introduction Property market analysis or real estate market analysis refers to the study of present market and the values of the property. Property market analysis focuses on the performance of the commercial property, retail industry and other industries (Dziauddin Idris, 2018). However, real estate economics include a technique that describes and explains supply, demand and the pattern of prices. Real estate is a durable property. The stock of a real estate supply can be measured based on the last year stock, existing stock, deterioration, and rate of renovation of current stocks. In 2018, the residential rental price of Dubai has dropped. As a result, property price has declined in the recent year in UAE market. This study deals with property market analysis in UAE and the current position of the real estate. The commercial real estate market in Dubai has a great contribution to UAE economy. This property market contains long-term health in comparison to other property markets. UAE government focuses on the development of real estate property as well as the housing property for families, hotels, hospitals, shopping mall and corporate sectors. The aim of developing housing apartments is to protect the households and demography of the citizen's residential areas. The main purpose of selling land or house is to buy another land or house. At present, the real estate property market has been proliferating in UAE, which highlights the economic growth of this country (Abouraia, 2016). According to the property law of UAE, the buyer of land or house should be a UAE national. Therefore selling and buying of property should not have any connection with the financial and legal liabilities. On the other hand, the sales price of the property should not be less than the current market value. The depart ment of the land and property in the Dubai only allows the buyer to buy the property if all these above criteria are fulfilled. The main target audience of the UAE, real estate market, is the 35 to 55 years age group of people as this age group is mostly involved in purchasing and selling the property. The commercial real estate in Dubai includes housing apartments, office, educational sectors, and shopping mall and so on (Eid Mohamed, Elkaftangui Farouk, 2017). Middle age group people are associated with the selling and purchasing of this property. At present Dubai, real estate market has been facing an infrastructure issue. However, according to the property builder of Dubai, commercial property market leads Dubai to get a good position in the international market. Hence, property builders of Dubai have been building many properties, which are not less than other developed countries such as US, Australia and Japan (Rogmans Ghunaim, 2016). However, property price in Dubai is at an unprecedented level, and this is notwithstanding the trend of the global recession. The investors, as well as the companies those are operating in Dubai, have reported that infrastructure of the real estate is not in good condition, which is a major barrier to this target property market. One of the major drawbacks of the infrastructure of the real estate property in Dubai is the shortage of water and electricity. Based on this current issue real estate builders in this country have decided to install their power generation. There is a need for compr ehensive policy to improve the infrastructure of the real estate in Dubai. Aims and Objectives This study aims to analyze the situation of the current property market in UAE. The objectives are as follow: To understand the current situation of UAE property market To analyze the current growth of Dubai real estate To identify the major issue of Dubai real estate market Research methodology Research methodology is a crucial part of every research study as the success of a research study is based on its methodology. In this current study, secondary research methodology will be taken to collect the data. Positivism research philosophy will be selected in this study. Positivism philosophy is associated with the sensory and natural information. This philosophy relies on the logical and scientific information (Abouraia, 2016). Data are collected from the exclusive sources based on this philosophy. Therefore, the deductive approach will be taken in this study. Deductive approach is based on the existing theory and models. In this research study, the descriptive design will be selected as the research design. The descriptive research design is based on the viewpoints of the individuals, case study, and perspectives of the participants. However, information will be collected from an authentic journal, and the journals are searched from the databases. Inclusion and exclusion cri teria will be used to select the journals in this secondary research methodology. Valid and reliable journals will be selected to find an authentic data based on UAE property market. Current information will be taken to complete this study. Property market refers to the land, building, retail industry and other business industries of a country. Real estate is one type of property market that contributes a good proportion to the economy of the country. Real estate is of two types that are the residential real estate and commercial real estate. The residential real estate includes housing property, and the commercial real estate includes hotels, shopping malls, educational sectors and office. However, apartment's buildings are also categorized under the commercial real estate though it is a residential property. Commercial real estate property enhances the economic growth in UAE. The property price is high as there is a high demand for the land and buildings in Dubai. Price of the vacant land is high in UAE market, and the seller becomes successful in this section. However, vacant land includes higher commission percentage (Hussain, Shahmoradi Turk, 2015). This is a major aspect of real estate business. In commercial pro perty business, the level of income is better if people show better in this section. Overview of the Dubai economy and real estate finance Economic growth of Dubai is good as it has high GDP; however, due to the economic recession in the year 2008, the property market of Dubai was affected. As per the Economic Intelligence Unit Forecast, it has been predicted that the GDP growth in UAE will rebind by 2.9% in between the year 2018 to 2021. Despite this, there are some economic headwinds in the UAE economic market that will bring a great threat to real estate market (Gulfnews.com, 2018). It has been observed that real estate market contributes 1/3 of the total GDP of UAE. However, the price of commercial property has fallen due to the economic recession, which created a big barrier for the property owner to enhance their profit margin. In this present years, the owner of the real estate in Dubai focuses on the low rent of the commercial property, which decreases the sales. However, though sale decreases but the stability has taken place in Dubai real estate market. Therefore, with the less price of the property real estate property owners have less risk in the business, which is a positive aspect of offering property at a low price. The property seekers and the agencies focus on the off-plan sales in UAE market, which leads them to gain more in the real estate market. In the year 2017, the price of the property has declined, which is predicted to recover in this current year by offering more products and new market segments in the real estate industry (Gulfnews.com, 2018). The current issue of Dubai real estate market Dubai real estate market is a growing industry of UAE. However, owners of this property market have been facing infrastructure issue regarding the residential and commercial property. Shortage of the electricity and the water is the major barrier to the corporate office and the residential property (Huston, Simon, Han, Hoon, 2014). Hence, it is difficult for the property builder to cope up with this issue and enhance their sales. Hence, Dubai real estate owners need to adopt a comprehensive policy to overcome such infrastructure issue in the real estate market. It is crucial for real estate builder to comply with the government rules to reduce the infrastructure issue and to give a better offer to the target market. Hospitality market is one of the major aspects of the commercial real estate property. However, Dubai invests more in the development of tourism infrastructure to attract the tourists (Abidoye Chan, 2017). Dubai parks and resorts, IMG world, Dubai Water Canal and Expo2020 are the major tourist attraction of Dubai. On the other hand, Dubai government and other real estate builders invest more in the mid-market hotel provision. It has been predicted that approx 23% of hotel rooms will be increased by the year 2020. Despite such growth, the hospitality sector of Dubai has faced challenges in the year 2017 due to the slow economic growth in this market. Therefore, the introduction of the local currency made Dubai an expensive destination for local as well foreign visitors. Despite these challenges, Dubai has maintained itself as one of the top tourism markets in the global tourism industry. The visitors number and the performance of hotels lead Dubai to get a good position in the worlds tourism industry. Occupancy of the hotel in Dubai was 75% in the year 2017 that is highest among the other hospitality sectors in the global market (Gulfnews.com, 2018). Overview of the office, residential and retail market in Dubai In 2017, the international grade A offices are performed well with the single ownership. The year 2017 was very challenging for the retail sectors in Dubai. Despite financial challenges, the Dubai Mall, Mall of Emirates and City walk were successful to attract the tenant demand and footfall. In the year 2016, retail spending has fallen between 5% to 6%, and this was the first time when retail spending has decreased in UAE after the recession in 2008 (Gulfnews.com, 2018). 2017 was very challenging for the UAE retailers due to the local currency and low domestic disposable income. These two factors reduced the purchasing power of the international visitors. Such slow demand leaves a pressure on retail rents; as a result, the landlords offer an incentive to gain the attention of key tenants. In the context of the residential property the rent, sales price, and the transaction have been declining since 2016. In the year 2015, the price declined 6.3%. Due to the low oil price, the residen tial price has declined. In 2017, the domestic supply has increased 2.5%. Such enhancement of property prices in the year 2017 is a great opportunity for the real estate owner. 2017 is considered as the year of change in the real estate market in Dubai. Introduction of the off-plan sale opens new opportunity in the sales market of UAE. The rental rates become lower this year. Many real estate developers offer an attractive payment plan to buyers with low price, which increases the sales in the property market (Bodolica, Spraggon, Shahid, 2018). This off plan sale brings many opportunities for the real state builders. 2017 is the dominating year for the Dubai real estate. Sale has increased up to 55% in this year in the property market. According to the statistical data, there was 18,657 off-plan apartments sales transaction. Apartment sales price increased up to 0.1% in the year 2017 (Gulfnews.com, 2018). Due to decline in the oil price, the rental price has fallen in Dubai that highlights a big threat to rental income. In the year 2017, almost 7,000 residential units are developed in the real estate property in UAE. Overview of Dubai real estates in 2016 and 2017 2017 is considered as the most significant year for Dubai real estate market as this year is the combination of ups and down and leaves a major impact on UAE property market. GDP of Dubai was stable in the year 2017. It was 3.2% and expected to increase up to 3.5% in the year 2018 (Gulfnews.com, 2018). The highly attractive business environment in Dubai attracts the foreign investment, which ensures the growing economy of UAE. Dubai is considered as the most globally diverse place as there are 200 nationalities. This country is considered as the most appealing destinations for the real estate investment in the world. According to the statistics of Dubai Land Departments, in 2016 approx 60,595 real estate transactions took place in Dubai. From such transaction Dh259 billion is added in UAE economy. On the other hand, the year 2017 also focuses on the high foreign investment in Dubai commercial real estate market. Approx Dh344 billion is gained from 22,834 foreign investors belongs to 136 nationalities. However, Dubai overtook London as it is considered as the most preferred location for property investment. Chinese investors have great demand for Dubai to invest in the commercial property market. However, the foreign investors believe that Dubai is a safe destination for investment as it gives long-term return (Agarwal, 2017). As per the report of Global Capital Partners, the total return of the commercial real estate of Dubai varies from 5 to 11 percent. In the context of Dubai, the majority of the return from the investment in commercial property market comes from the increase in rental prices (Buckley Hanieh, 2014). However, Dubai is popular in global commercial real estate market due to its creative design, construction method and luxury apartments. This makes Dubai unique among the other countries in the context of the property market. Dubai market needs more players in residential and commercial real estate market as it will make them develop a diversified real estate market in the international market. Due to the growing population and visitors, the hospitality sectors of UAE needs to provide high-quality housing at an affordable price. On the other hand, in the residential market, the young professionals are looking for affordable housing and apartments. It is important for real estate owner in Du bai to identify the current needs of the market and to meet them properly. Factors that lead the investors to invest in Dubai real estate market The main focus of the investors is short-term capital appreciation, which can be done through the investment in Dubai property market. However, the buyers have an intention to get a good return on the investment (Diaz Hindro, 2017). The investors look for higher yield in the property market thus they need to observe the property prices of different locations in UAE. Different middle market locations such as Discovery garden, Dubai sports city, and Remraam are the most popular cities in Dubai that are preferred by investors to develop housing or commercial building. UAE property market offers the foreigners to own single commercial property such as wear house units and retail office at a pocket-friendly rate. However, in China real estate market is very volatile as a result; they tend to invest in UAE real estate market as it gives them a long-term outcome. In China, there is an extension in the maximum projects; as a result, the delay occurs in the project, which leads the Chinese i nvestors to invest their capital in Dubai real estate market. Investors have to maintain formality in many countries while purchasing a property. However, in Dubai, the investors can purchase the property easily paying the money to the owner. The government rules and policies are easy to follow, and there is less complexity in the foreign investment in Dubai. On the other hand, the geographical proximity of Dubai is another positive aspect of such country, which attracts the foreign investors to invest in this country (Al-Mohana Hatemi, 2016). Many foreign investors come to Dubai easily and spend their capital in Dubai real estate market. Purchasing of real estate in Dubai is a good business strategy as UAE government does not charge any tax on the rental income. This gives a big opportunity to foreign investors to invest in Dubai real estate market. The potential effect of the global real estate crisis on UAE real estate market To reduce the dependency from oil and gas sectors, UAE government has focused on the tourism industry and real estate market to enhance the economic growth of this country (Baum, Mackmin Nunnington, 2017). However, UAE is considered as the global hub based on its continuous development. The primary aim of such global hub is to provide sufficient accommodation to the foreigner investors who want to stay in this country. Dubai is the first city of UAE that enters in real estate market. Real estate sector of Dubai is the most growing business sector in this city. Dubai real estate sector is larger than the hydrocarbon economy in this recent year. Before the global recession, UAE was performing well in real estate market. However, the global recession between the years 2008 to 2009 affected the performance of UAE real estate market. Therefore, the contribution of real estate market in UAE economy was declined due to this global recession. Growth started to rebound in the year 2010, but it was very slow (Al-Mohana Hatemi, 2016). This real estate sector was the most growing sector of Dubai thus; the decline of this sector left a major impact on the UAE economy. For the foreign investors, it was difficult to recover their funds during this time. In 2012, the growth of Dubai real estate was restored, but the recovery process was prolonged. After the year 2013, significant growth has been observed in Dubai real estate sector. In the year 2014 due to the overgrowing expatriate population in Dubai, the demand for commercial and residential property has been increasing rapidly till now. This highlights the good opportunity for the real estate sector to enhance their business in UAE (Tierney, 2017). Conclusion The entire study deals with the property market analysis in the context of UAE. It has been found that real estate business is growing in Dubai in the recent years. The economic recession in 2008 left a big negative impact on Dubai real estate market. This condition began improving in 2010. Dubai real estate market has a great value in the global real estate market as this market is trendy in Dubai. The rule of the UAE government is favourable for Dubai which enhances its real estate market. Foreign investors have to pay less tax for their business, which adds great value to Dubai real estate market. Among the other developing country, Dubai has got a good position for its real estate business. References Abidoye, R. B., Chan, A. P. (2017). Artificial neural network in property valuation: application framework and research trend.Property Management,35(5), 554-571. doi.org/10.1108/PM-06-2016-0027 Abouraia, M. K. (2016). Determinants of High and Continuous Inflation Rates in the United Arab Emirates: A Managerial Point of View.Business Management and Strategy,7(2), 68-81. doi.org/10.5296/bms.v7i2.10067 Agarwal, R. (2017). Share Unshare-The 51: 49 Rule in the UAE on Share Distribution in LLCs.Ct. Uncourt,4, 2. doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.11.012 Al-Mohana, S., Hatemi-J, A. (2016). The Impact of Recent Crisis on the Real Estate Market on the UAE: Evidence from Asymmetric Methods.Economia Internazionale/International Economics,69(4), 389-428. Baum, A., Mackmin, D., Nunnington, N. (2017).The income approach to property valuation. Routledge. Bodolica, V., Spraggon, M., Shahid, A. (2018). Strategic adaptation to environmental jolts: an analysis of corporate resilience in the property development sector in Dubai.Middle East Journal of Management,5(1), 1-20. doi.org/10.1504/MEJM.2018.088724 Buckley, M., Hanieh, A. (2014). Diversification by urbanization: Tracing the property?finance nexus in Dubai and the Gulf.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,38(1), 155-175. DOI:10.1111/1468-2427.12084 Diaz, J. F. T., Hindro, M. C. T. (2017). Factors Affecting the ProfitabilitFactors Affecting the Profitability of Indonesian Real Estate Publicly-listed Companiesy of Indonesian Real Estate Publicly-listed Companies.Asian Journal of Finance Accounting,9(1), 396-428. doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v9i1.11193 Dziauddin, M. F., Idris, Z. (2018). Assessing the relative importance of structural and locational effects on residential property values in Metropolitan Kuala Lumpur.Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 1-22. doi.org/10.1080/14445921.2018.1436305 Eid Mohamed, B., Elkaftangui, M., Farouk, S. (2017). A computer-based participatory model for customization in the UAE housing market.Journal of Enterprise Information Management,30(1), 17-29. doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-01-2016-0016 Gulfnews.com. (2018). What real estate investors should look for in 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2018, from https://gulfnews.com/property-weekly/what-real-estate-investors-should-look-for-in-2017-1.1955763 Gulfnews.com. (2018).Special Report: It's a renter's market in 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2018, from https://gulfnews.com/news/uae/property/special-report-it-s-a-renter-s-market-in-2018-1.2151115 Hussain, M. M., Shahmoradi, A., Turk, R. (2015).An overview of Islamic finance(No. 15-120). International Monetary Fund. Huston, Simon, Han Hoon, (2018). Designing Transparent Real Estate Open Data Systems: Sydney, Dubai and London Journal of Business management. doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3113463 Rogmans, T., Ghunaim, M. (2016). A framework for evaluating sustainability indicators in the real estate industry.Ecological indicators,66, 603-611. doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.01.058 Tierney, J. (2017).Constructing Resilience: Real Estate Investment, Sovereign Debt and Lebanon's Transnational Political Economy. University of California, Berkeley.

Catcher In The Eyes And Rebel Without A Essays - Literary Realism

Catcher In The Eyes And Rebel Without A Cause The Catcher In The Rye, and Rebel Without A Cause were two very distinct stories, with the same meaning. In this, they have many differences, yet also many similarities. Jimmie in the Rebel Without a Cause had a family that was trying to be a part of his life, while Holden, from The Catcher In The Rye, had a family that shipped him off to different schools whenever he messed up, and were never really there for him. They both felt their families did not understand them. Holden and Jimmie had very different environments, yet some what alike backgrounds. In The Rebel Without a Cause, Jimmie had moved from town to town with his family, because of problems he had. His family thought they could run away from the reality that he needed help. They tried to stick by him when he was in trouble, but he usually pushed away from them. Unlike Holden's family, who felt that pushing him farther away would be better for him and themselves. Holden needed his family, the farther away he was, the more phoney he thought them to be. Holden got kicked out of every high school he went to, yet they still continued to ship him off over and over. His parents were never there for him, unlike Jimmies, who were smothering him. Although Jimmies family offered him the love and support he needed, Jimmie continued to screw up and just get angrier. Jimmie saw what was going on in his household, and he did not like it. The father never stood up for himself, and Jimmie knew that they did not understand him. As for Holden, he was never around for the parents to get the chance to know him. A clear example of this, is when Holden's mother sends him a pair of ice skates he really wanted. Holden notices that they are the wrong kind, he told his mother specifically which kind he wanted, yet she still got him the wrong kind. From that, he knew that his parents didn't understand him. Holden had a background of flunking school, and not caring about things. One of the people he cared about most in his life had died, and Holden still was not over that. He didn't want to get disappointed again and go through that. Jimmie also got in trouble a lot, not by flunking school, but he got in trouble by hurting other people. Both of them just didn't want to care. Their environments were different therefore they had different reasons for turning out the way they did. In conclusion, they have many differences, yet also many similarities. Jimmie had a family that was trying to be a part of his life, while Holden had a family that shipped him off to different schools whenever he messed up. They were never really there for him. They both felt their families did not understand them. Holden and Jimmie had very different environments, yet some what alike backgrounds.

The physical and social environment for people with a disabi essays

The physical and social environment for people with a disabi essays Social, psychological and environment factors that affect the health of this client and should explain what health and social care provision has been designed to meet these needs. The factors influencing the health of the family and individuals. Therapeutic relationships and communication Aspects of health promotion within professional practice. Health promotion influences and is influenced by, not only the individual and the public, but politicians, pressure groups and you as a health care professional. It involves you in defining terms, goals and needs, as well as negotiating priorities with your patients/clients and other interested parties. This unit enables you to contribute to practical programmes within your own location by supporting you to: assess the challenges you face in establishing, running, and evaluating a health promotion programme analyse ways in which health behaviour may be influenced by health promotion campaigns analyse how agencies plan, launch, manage and evaluate health promotion campaigns discuss ways in which health priorities are chosen within our society All care journeys should reflect individual circumstances, but this is particularly important for people with physical disabilities, their families and those who care for them. people with disabilities and organisations such as the Disability Rights Commission will be fully involved in work to take forward this Plan as part of the new performance management framework we will monitor the training and awareness of NHS staff about existing good practice on disability issues we will improve physical access to health services, meetings and offices, including carrying out an accessibility audit of all NHS premises we will ensure that the NHS complies with the provisions of the Disability Discrimination Act. we will expect each NHS Board to dem...

First econ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

First econ - Essay Example The term opportunity cost in the study of economics is used to refer to the cost associated with the next best option given up (Siebert 163). This means that while making a decision of whether to buy or consumer product A or product B, individuals end up facing a cost when they give up the benefits that they may have gained from consuming product A if they had forgone product A and consumed product B. These costs can include both monetary as well as psychological costs. I experience the application of opportunity cost in my daily life when I have to choose between two things at the same time. For example: I face the issue of opportunity cost when I have to select between studies and my favorite sports of cricket. If I study I face the cost of enjoying the most favorite sport in my life and the physical and health benefits that I may derive from playing sports. On the other hand if I play sports, I give up the benefits of scoring high grades at my educational institute and even may en d up failing which will result in monetary losses. The concept of demand and supply in the study of economics state that when the price for a particular good as well as service is high, it is most likely less in demand and when the price of a particular good or service is high it is most likely more in supply and vice-versa. I have experienced the application of the concept of demand and supply in relation to my hobby of playing cricket. When the prices of cricket bats are on the lower side I am most likely going to buy them but when I go to buy them there are very few bats that may seem attractive, while when the prices are higher I see more and more cricket bats on the shelves and they attract me a lot but I fail to purchase them since they are highly prices. Various economic concepts apply to our daily lives. The concept of opportunity cost is applied in my life when I have to select between studying and

Lloyds Banking Group Integration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Lloyds Banking Group Integration - Essay Example In the first type of hybrid structure company can combine the characteristics of both the functional and divisional structures. In this type of hybrid structure, Lloyds Group can organise its important functions into self-contained units by decentralising it whereas, the functions which require economies of scales and stability can be centralised. In the second type of hybrid structure, the company can combine the characteristics of functional, divisional and horizontal structures (Daft, 2009). Most of the multinational companies have hybrid structure. This structure is particularly useful for the organisations where the environment is highly uncertain and organisation can be best managed through divisional structure and some functional expertise is also required (Zamaros). This structure can offer great flexibility to Lloyds Bank. The following table describes the cultural dimensions (Gray & Larson, 2005) which could be affected by changing the organisational structure of Lloyds Gro up from Divisional structure to Hybrid structure. ... f Lloyds Group could be improved by developing teams in the functions which involve teamwork tasks and by emphasising on individual tasks wherever important. Company has the flexibility to achieve a balance between individual work and teamwork. Inter-unit Relations The inter-unit relations of Lloyd Group could be improved if Lloyds Group go for divisional structure and could be reduced if Group goes for functional structure. Company has the flexibility to achieve the balance of coordination and interaction between units. Control The control of the supervisors to influence the behaviour of employees could be improved in the segments of business with functional structure. Company has the flexibility to achieve the balance of control. Social Distance Lloyds could improve its culture by reducing the social distance in the segments where company adopt divisional structure and enhance the social distance where company uses functional structure Reward Criteria The reward criteria could be d efined by establishing seniority based and experience based priorities in functional structure and by establishing performance based criteria in divisional structure Conflict Tolerance Achieving the control tolerance balance across two kinds of structure (functional and divisional) could become a challenge for Lloyds Group Level of Effort The Group could enhance level of efforts of employees by increasing control through centralising some processes and decentralising others, based on particular needs Sharing Information Lloyds Group could control information sharing by using two kinds of structure External Orientation Lloyds Group could also become more flexible to respond to external orientations in a hybrid structure By adopting the hybrid structure, Lloyds Group could achieve various

Attractiveness Of The Hotel In The Industry Tourism Essay

Attractiveness Of The Hotel In The Industry Tourism Essay The process of conducting research on the business environment within which the organization operates and on the organization itself, in order to formulate and implementation of strategy for future business operations can be mentioned as Strategic analysis of hospitality organization. To do the assessment can use number of tools to process of strategic analysis, including PEST (sometimes PESTLE) for analyze external environment and, SWOT analysis use for the internal environmental scanning, and Michael Porters five forces model use to assists to understand the competitive forces, the attractiveness and current position in the industry. An effective way to know the past, present and future potentials regarding the industry development is analyzing the industry background as the part of strategic analysis. The External analysis can assess the factors affecting the industry to be existed including political, economical, social, technological, legal and environmental which have great impacts to run the business and use PESTLE analysis. In any industry which it is domestic or international, whether relating to products or services, the rules of competition are personified in five competitive forces of entry of new competitors, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers, and rivalry among the existing competitors. According to Porter, one of the crucial determinants of firm profitability is industrial attractiveness. In this assignment, a strategic analysis of the Galadhari hotel which is in hospitality industry has been done through the combination of both theoretical and practical facts regarding this property including organizational background and industry background of this hospitality sector in Sri Lanka, an assessment of the forces affecting the external environment (the use of PESTLE analysis) and an assessment of the attractiveness of this industry (the use of Porters 5 forces) regarding the future strategic action to grab more hospitality market share. Background of the industry and about Organization By concerning about the Sri Lankan market of tourism there can be seen growth in the tourist market. All this euphoria gives rise to the doubt about whether Sri Lanka Tourism is well on the way to recovery and growth or not. For the last seven months that ended July this year (2010), arrivals are up almost 50% year-on-year (YOY) (341,991), with income also keeping pace at 69% growth (Quarter 2; US$ 244.5 million). The hotel and travel Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) index has been increased by almost 200% for 2009. Today tourism is running on everyones minds, and it is difficult to open a local newspaper without seeing at least one written article on tourism. The reason for the dramatic improvement in Sri Lankas tourism data is the victory of war in May 2009. This would be a remarkable result when compared with other regional tourism destinations. Another reason for this improvement was the leader of the terrorist has killed and there is reason for cautious optimism that the social situation in Sri Lanka can improve rapidly. We can hope the company can take advantage of the peace dividend by increasing the number of destinations the airline serves. Hotel Galadhari is one of the leading five star luxury hotels in the Sri Lanka. The story of the Galadari Hotel, Colombo which opened its doors in 1984, is a splendid tale of continual improvement of product and highest standard of quality in hospitality over the past 25 years. The vision beliefs of the hotel is firmly grounded in extending a true personalized service to all our guests, laced with an unforgettable luxury hotel experience with the finest traditions of international hotel-keeping. The Galadari Hotel, Colombo, meticulous about maintaining the privacy of its guests has drawn in many an elite personality from around the world such as heads of government, prime ministers of leading nations, royalty, well known sports music personalities over the past two and half decades. Situated in Colombo city with many a historical building within walking distance and a panoramic view of the magnificent Indian ocean, the Galadari Hotel offers a rich blend of  service and quality in five star luxury living with 450 room super luxury hotel in Sri Lanka that overlooks the Indian Ocean and is adjacent to the Presidential Secretariat, Banks and the World Trade Center, with easy access to the shopping areas in Colombo. In hotel they are so many facilities are available, coffee shop lobby bar, chines restaurant, Scheherazade Arabic restaurant, pastry shop and garden terrace, karaoke, pub and also have health club and pool, body care and massage therapy ,bed-and-breakfast hospitality properties are available to accommodate the guests and the basic requirements of their comfortable stay. Hospitality sector is a great source of income generation for the new investors.For instance, annual turnover (in2008) was Rs. 164 (million), operating profit (in2008) was Rs.13.65(million), growth in turnover (in 2009) was 25 percent, number of rooms is 450 rooms, average occupancy rate was 80 percent and growth in local hospitality sector is 15 percent. Now, it is easy to understand that how much revenue earning Galadhari hotel in its sector of hospitality. Mission of Hotel Galadari We are exceptional operators of contemporary 4 and 5 star hotels and create value in every encounter with our owners, guests and associates. Vision Exceptional and personalized service, exceeding expectations, and inspiring a connection to our brand in the experiences we provide. Values Exceptional Service Company understand that the value can be created with every encounter and this is reflected in its superior standard of service. Integrity honest and straightforward in our interactions with hotel owners, guests, colleagues and the communities in which hotel operate Respect Hotel Galadari respect the objectives of our stakeholders, the values of its guests, and the cultural difference in the locations that it operate. Teamwork and Passion We bring our individual expertise, creativity and passion for industry as a Hotel Galadari team member. Continuous Improvement Hotel is innovative and utilizes best practices to continually improve its management techniques, and the quality of products and services. Strengths and Weakness Strengths Visitors from Western Europe also prefer to stay in hotels in the southern coastal belt where the main attraction is the beaches. So Location of the Hotel Galadhari is strength to the organization to enhance their businesses. There has also been a downturn in the arrival of Indians, who prefer Colombo hotels. Colombo city hotels have been able to maintain higher occupancy levels than hotels on the southern coastal belt because of more business travelers, and special visitors such as those coming for conferences. Hence Galadhari also have more business opportunities in the Colombo city. Since then the leisure sector has under-performed hugely, and Galadhari hotel has more facilities to spend the day more leisurely. Well expertise work group has Galadhari to give satisfied service to their customers Weaknesses The location of the hotel is in the high security zone in Colombo which is Located in Galle Face Green promenade and with views over the Indian Ocean, this property offers a high level of service and security. Hence it could get difficulties to the tourists. Situated right next to the World Trade Center and the Presidents Residence, the hotel enjoys the most secure part of the city. The distance to hotel between airport is very far and gets more time to re ach hotel. It could cause to the business conferences which are held in the hotel. The main purpose of the established of Galadari Hotel is to attract the overseas seminars conferences to the Sri Lanka. Because of the distance to Airport and hotel is too far and get more time to reach to the destination. And also the traffic on the roads is mainly impact to the time it takes to come to the hotel. Because of these reasons the main purpose has not been achieved. Galadhari has only few room facilities and they have enough land to build new hotel rooms in their own land. Hotels Galadhari has high gearing, high costs to maintain staff, and for refurbishment. Factors affecting the external environment in hospitality In strategic planning, external analysis of hospitality industry has been done with the use of PESTLE analysis and Porters 5 (five) forces in defining the strategy, making decisions on allocating resources to pursue the strategy. Source: http://www.sltda.lk/sites/default/files/Statistics_book.pdf (Access: 15th September 2010) Source: http://www.sltda.lk/sites/default/files/Statistics_book.pdf (Access: 15th September 2010) PESTLE Analysis Political Factors In Sri Lanka it is socialist republic, state. The government is a mixture of the parliamentary and presidential system. Head of the state is president and current President is Mr. Mahinda Rajapaksha and he is the chief of armed forces and head of government. When the companies formulate and implement the strategies the political arena has a huge impact upon the regulation of businesses, and the spending power of consumers and other businesses. We have to concern about how stable is the political environment, influence of polices, laws that regulate or tax your business, What is the governments position on marketing ethics, governments policy on the economy, government view on culture and religion, government involvement in trading agreements. State has main responsibility to facilitate to the tourists and funding to the tourism products development projects and do promotions to attract the tourists to the country. On the other hand government has to encourage local and foreign investors to invest their money to develop tourism products and liberate taxes. To growth of the tourism infrastructure facilities are directly affect. So government has the main responsibility to develop and maintain infrastructure. Educated workforce in international standard is also important to give good and satisfactory service to the customers. Because of that government has make rules and regulations to standardize. A change in government party is directly impact to the any industry in the country because their policies it will effect to run the business. When the government strict their security policies it highly impact to the Galadhari hotel. Because tourist who are coming to the hotel. It leads to waste time and may be getting bad image among the tourists. . The Tourism Act No 38 of 2005 came into effect in October 2007. With the flow of the new Tourism act, the Sri Lanka Tourist Board Act No 10 of 1966, which was in effect for the past 41 years, was replaced. In terms of the requirements contained in the new act, the Tourism Development Fund was officially constituted, with 2 main sources remitting finances to the fund. By way of 1/3 of the Airport Tax collections and 1% of the Turnover of all Sri Lanka Tourist Board registered establishments. The Act provided for the setting up of the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority, thereby replacing the Sri Lanka Tourist Board. Economic factors In Sri Lanka it has open economy and the Gross Domestic Pproduct grew at an average annual rate of 5.5% in the country. In Sri Lanka service sector is strong in the economy and it indicate 58%, fro agriculture its 12.8% and from industry 29.2%. Almost everyone talks about Sri Lanka tourism being the engine of growth and expects it to play a pivotal role in the economy and it has improved in 6% in this year. Tourism give benefits to the economy as well as it are the cost to the economy. Tourism process also involves economic costs, including the direct costs incurred by tourism businesses, government costs for infrastructure to better serve tourists, congestion and related costs borne by individuals in the community. Economic impacts are also become crucial factors in marketing and management decisions which are directly effecting. Communities therefore need to understand the relative importance of tourism to their region, state or community. Tourism provides great opportunities for regional development particularly for regional areas undergoing structural change. Being a labor intensive industry, with the right motivation tourism can deliver great employment and training opportunities particularly for young people who like to be professionals in this field. Social Factor Sri Lanka being a multi-religious, multi-ethnic country with a population of 22 million pluss Lankan culture is a rich blend of the interaction of diverse cultural patterns both indigenous and derived from, trade, religions which are Buddhism 69%, Islam 15%, hinduism 8%, Christianity 8%. The cultural patterns of Sri Lanka today show the lasting impact of a diverse range of cultures.. The overall culture is largely the result of the impact of the introduction of Buddhism, more than 2,300 years ago and Hinduism the second most prevalent religion in Sri Lanka. This does not erase the heavy influence of Hinduism, together with the lesser impact of Islam, and Christianity. By concerning about the education background the literacy rate of 92%, and 83% of the total population having had secondary education in the country. Sri Lanka has one of the most literate populations amongst developing countries. Tourists appreciate the hospitality of Sri Lankan People. When the hotel Galadhari provide the services like cabare dancing, supplying prostitutes are not suitable to the Sri Lankan culture. The bad effects of the tourism can said that tourism has affected the values of our people, particularly our youth. It is true that some tourists engage in anti social acts. Some of the tourists are drug addicts or perverts and corrupt our youth and they spread incurable diseases such as aids. But we should keep in mind that all the tourists are not black sheep. Technological Factors Technological factors are also important fact which effect to the hotel industry in many ways which are comprises the utilization of the latest inventions and technologies facilitate the business activities which are digital telephone facilities, broadband Internet connection, Wi-Fi technology, multimedia projector, LCD screens, online reservation systems, property management software and online information exchange program (Point of Sale) etc. Now a days technology is rapidly changing in the world day by day. As the five star hotel Galadhari should doubt to the new technology in the market. It will help the organization to have competitive advantages. Technology can used to reservation, online services like online booking, do the promotions. The rapid development of technology is affecting the businesses in Sri Lanka and all over the world. Changes in the technology have changed the way businesses operate i.e. Internet booking for tickets and holidays. Faster changing development in technology creates a need to react quickly for different businesses in order they want to maintain the competitive environment by providing the same innovative services, which their competitors are offering. Distribution of products by the use of technologies. Legal Factor When concerning about the legal factors include tourism act, discrimination law, consumer law, employment law and health and safety. These factors can affect how a hotel operates, its costs, and the demand for its products in tourist industry. The Tourism Act No 38 of 2005 came into consequence in October 2007. With the flow of the new Tourism act, the Sri Lanka Tourist Board Act No 10 of 1966, which was in achieve for the past more than forty years, was replaced. In conditions of the supplies controlled in the new act, the Tourism Development Fund was legally constituted, with two main sources remitting funds to the fund. By way of 1/3 of the Airport Tax collections and 1% of the earnings of all Sri Lanka Tourist Board registered establishments. Attracting and promotion is handled by the Tourism Promotion Bureau. Tourism HRD functions and the Hotels School operations are undertaken by the Sri Lanka Institute of Tourism Hotel Management. The Sri Lanka Convention Bureau was also restructured as a statutory body like other Institutions to be managed by an independent Board of Management Environmental Factor Hotel Galadhari is situated in the Colombo and in Colombo it hasnt proper drainage disposal system and the hotel dispose its drainage to the sea. Because of that so many environmental issues occurred around that. When we promote tourism there are thousands and thousands of tourists unleashed annually in the country, without proper planning, there is bound to be serious environmental and sustainability issues. Such large-scale and fast track growth has to be carefully planned and managed within specific tourism zones to prevent environmental and cultural degradation. Individual hotel developments will not suffice. Such well-planned, large-scale tourist resorts can be designed to encompass sound sustainable environmental practices (e.g., common self-contained sewage disposal facilities with recycling of water, solar lighting for resort public areas, no-build green belts within resorts, etc). Such organized and well-managed, large-scale developments contained in several designated zones will help mitigate most of the possible negative fallout of the socio-cultural and environmental aspects. Building and subsequent maintenance should be under strict environmentally-sustainable guidelines. Hotel industry directly affect to the environmental pollution in the country. As the five stars category hotel, Galadhari has the responsibility to protect our environment and also developments in the country and have to think about the pollution Assessing the Attractiveness of the Hotel in the Industry Treat of new entity According to tourism act the new entrant has to abide by this regulation to establish a hotel as well as charges for the services. In the business arena, the number of competitors increases when any business organization makes good profit and has a good potentiality for future. According to current situation, entry barriers are high and exit barriers are low, few new firms can enter into the industry and poorly performing firms can easily exit. After the war Sri Lankan government has opened the market to new investors to invest their money to build new hotels as the hotel industry is now booming in the country. In that situation so many hotels are building in the north area and customers willing to go in those areas. New entities are use new technology and specialist knowledge to develop their business and it may be affect growth of the business of Galadhari hotel. There are factors related with the threats of new entrants in the hotel industry in Sri Lanka which are as follows- Easy credit facilities for new entrepreneurs in hospitality industry and Legal supports from the government for local entrepreneurs Infrastructure development Policies for foreign investors to establish world-class organization including tax exemptions, ownership, duty, tax law and remittance, National Tourism Policy and Vision to boost up the tourism and hospitality industry, Fewer numbers of competitors in the current marketplace. (Only 5 five-star hotels in Sri Lanka). Higher profit margin Threat of substitute products As the hotel industry specifically targets on accommodation, entertainment and fooding facilities, the substitutes of these facilities may include other food industries (fast food and restaurants), entertainment (bar, discos, clubs etc.) and for accommodation facilities sharing with private establishment (visiting friends and relatives) and others related with accommodation facilities. Every customer looks for high perceive value in their owned products. Substitute products are goods and services from outside a given industry that perform similar or the same function as a product that the industry produces. In this context, many organizations focus on their competitors rather than substitute products and the market share declines concurrently, therefore the market strategies should be flexible to cope with such threats. In the hospitality industry, the substitutes may include various types of guest houses, inns, motels, private-owned guest houses, condominiums, small boutique hotels, bread-and-breakfast hotels and apartment hotels which might be the threats for a specific star-category hotel like Galadhari. In this current marketplace, there are many substitutes of the star-category hotels in Colombo for accommodation Jaj -Samudra, Gall face Hotel, Hilton, Mount Lavinia,.; for food KFC, McDonalds, Pizza Hut, BFC, Pizza Corner, Dominos Pizza etc.; for entertainment night Clubs, many more which might distract the customers rather than the hospitality industry to have the products and services of a hotel. Competitive Rivalry among existing players In the conventional financial mock-up, contest between rival companies drives profits to zero and is not ideal and companies are not simple inactive price takers. Rather, companies struggle for a competitive benefit over their rivals. The strength of rivalry among firms varies across industries, and tactical analysts are paying attention in these differences. In this current competitive period, the tough contest among business organizations increases when number of competitors are in the same marketplace based on their products categories, target markets, types of services, financial affordability, volume of the organization, profitability and potentiality of the market trends for long term business. In this case, price discount, special offers, lower profit margin and turn down in the market share are generally occurring between competitors. In Colombo, the rivalry among competitors is really high as this hospitality is a booming sector in Sri Lanka and only few competitors in the five-star category hotels in Sri Lanka to serve the customers. Moreover, the customers are trying to defend each other through products variation, service quality improvement, defining new target markets, exploring new products innovation and development and providing exclusive facilities to the guests. The competitive rivalry is happening in hospitality industry in the Sri Lanka and it is also affect to the hotel like Galadhari. When the company implements their strategies they should have Varity in their products and services. Bargaining power of suppliers The suppliers can play one of the main roles in developing or declining the reflection of an organization .When the suppliers are more, the bargaining power of them generally goes down whereas fewer suppliers can demand more benefits from the organization. Suppliers are those firms or individuals that provide contribution into the creation of an industrys production on time. It could be in forms of resources and raw materials, services, employment, direct products and others obligatory stuff by the organization. Now a day most of the services have out source in the companies. In the hotel industry, the suppliers are involved in various departments including rooms, food and beverages, IT, guest and travel bookings, security assurance, property management, transport, ensuring business facilities etc. The suppliers in case of hotel of Galadhari is including travel agents and tour operators for guest reservations as well as corporate clients, educational institutions for manpower supply, IT firms for property management software and IT solutions, local importers for international food and beverages supply, security agents for safety and security, local rent-a-car for special arrangement etc. Bargaining power of customers One of the main parties is customer in every organization. Customers mean consumers or intermediaries those who buy the production of an organization to have or resell it to someone else in the market. If there are various products and huge competition, customer bargaining power rises up and vice versa. The bargaining power of customers depends on some factors like requirements of the customers, time and convenience to the desired destinations and thus, they can easily toggle into another product. By considering the hotel industry in Sri Lanka, the bargaining power of customers are very high and they have enough options to toggle into another hotels by comparing in terms of costs, quality of service, product categories and special offers provided particularly for group bookings and long-term stay. Sometimes Galadhari hotel has rack rate of the hotel facilities. In the pick seasons like December, the bargaining power of the customers becomes lower and lower. When in the tourism season the hotel has unbearable customers and their bargaining power also very high in this season. 7.0 Conclusion The process of conducting research on the business environment within which the organization operates and on the organization itself, in order to formulate and implementation of strategy for future business operations can be mentioned as Strategic analysis of hospitality organization. To do the assessment can use number of tools to process of strategic analysis, including PEST (sometimes PESTLE) for analyze external environment and, SWOT analysis use for the internal environmental scanning, and Michael Porters five forces model use to assists to understand the competitive forces, the attractiveness and current position in the industry.

Reaction Paper Essay

On August 3, the 1st year BSHM-CA students held an educational tour in different places of Manila and especially the main event of the tour is in the Fontana Resort, Clark Pampanga. The Educational tour started out as an escape from school for most of us students, bonding with friends, chance to unwind and of course, to learn new things and to gain knowledge at the same time that we may apply someday. First, we went to the entertainment room of the Resort where we discussed about the events, places of Pampanga and also some psychologic facts. After we enter the entertainment room of the Resort, there’s a short briefings about history of Pampanga, the course we took. We also did some different kinds of entertainment like singing, dancing, having fun, and eating. I learned a lot and also it is really useful because it’s important that you know how having an educational tour begins, the history and evolution of Pampanga because other people didn’t know that and I can share what I learned and discovered. After the short visit to entertainment room of the Resort, we went straight to our second destination the area of the Resort, I found myself amazed and amused because the place is really relaxing and unwinding. After we arrived in our hotel rooms, we wait for about 30 minutes because there was a huge rain that day and it looked like a storm. So it’s our time to eat lunch, relax, taking pictures, nap and retouch. After that we go back to our assigned rooms and relax and had fun there. I found our tour very interesting because I felt the happiness in me but it’s also a challenge for us. That’s all. Thank you.

Ethical Leadership is a Serious Matter Essay

At his first day in office as president, Barack Obama immediately signed an executive order that mandates his appointed senior government officials to adhere to a new set of ethics that proscribes them from receiving gifts from lobbyists. Clearly, Obama treats ethics as a serious matter in leadership through public service. I firmly believe that ethics should be one of the primary concerns of any leader since an organization that fails to adhere to proper codes of conduct is most likely to rot from within, degrading the quality of the services it offers to immeasurable lengths. To aspire to become a leader of exemplary ethical values is to aim at a monumental target that can only be reached through perseverance and dedication. Despite all possible odds, I aspire to become a genuine ethical leader to the fullest degree I am capable of. To achieve that end, I am more than willing to have forks in the road, as I had in the past, just to continue my development process as an ethical leader. I have been a Phi Theta Kappa Vice-President for 2 years; leadership is no longer an unfamiliar concept on my part. During the length of my service in the organization, I have learned that leaders are not only born—they are also made. Fundraisers and community events have been an integral part of the organization’s general agenda. Those are where my leadership skills have been honed until today and I intend to carry-on with my roles in future similar events so as to further enhance my leadership skills. However, I understand that leaders should not simply confine themselves within the boundaries of their groups. Rather, they should learn to broaden their perspective and experience beyond the walls and ceilings that hide from their view a more elaborate world worthy to be explored. My efforts to put into action my idea of a leader with broad perspectives and experiences eventually led me to be a part of the Disaster Action Team in our community. I was no longer a mere leader within the academic institution; I became a certified community volunteer designated to run local fire calls when the need arises. It soon turned to be a mind-enhancing experience as I was able to absorb numerous ideas and skills that somehow only the society outside the academe can offer. Add to that my years of experience under the National Disaster Service Human Resources of the Red Cross and my leadership perspectives grew even further. All those years of service both in and out of the academe gave me a comprehensive understanding of human interaction, especially its role in fostering human relations. As I see it, interacting with people within and without our immediate circle is crucial in developing our ethical sensibilities. We may be able to designate tasks to our members and applaud them for the services they render, yet the lack of deep and constant interaction with them can hardly give us the benefit of knowing who they really are and how they behave. I believe that at the heart of my search for authentic ethical leadership is the need to evaluate how individuals think and act in certain situations, for it is through that understanding that leaders are be able to effectively administer their followers in ways that are guided by ethics. President Obama knew how Washington deals with lobbyists, which is why he prioritized the reformation of the code of ethics for senior government officials. I am willing to follow that lead. The best way for leaders to attain substantial interaction with their members is through a democratic style of leadership. In this leadership style, the leader allows members to contribute to the pool of ideas by engaging them in an interactive discussion and paying attention to what the members have to say. Moreover, the leader treats members with respect and dignity as they ought to be. On my part, I will go the extra mile by not only commenting on the things that my members have to say but also encouraging them to assess and reassess the course of my leadership. It is through that mutual exchange of ideas that I can begin to unearth the different personalities of my members and their personal behaviors on given occasions. With those things in mind, I will be able to formulate an action plan that encompasses the ethical principles that I expect my members to incorporate into the fulfillment of their individual tasks. Of course, the fact that I am a leader does not exclude me from following the set of ethical codes that I am going to execute. More to the point, I ought to lead by example. Perhaps the most important thing of all is to serve the needs of the society as much as possible or as much as organizational resources allow. To be a truly ethical leader, I am compelled to be of exemplary service to the society and to the people who are in need. To others, my active involvement in community service is more than enough to dignify me as an ethical leader who cares for others. But on my part, none of my previous accomplishments can ever be enough. I believe that ethical leaders do not grovel at the thought of a grand goal attainable within a specified timeframe. Rather, leaders immerse themselves into the inspiring idea that public service is an unending mission that stretches beyond a lifetime. A lifetime of public service is a lifetime of touching the lives of countless people both strangers and familiar faces alike. To be able to touch the lives of others is to be able to fill one’s moral worth. What better way can there be than to serve others through means which are not only effective but are ethically sound as well. Sages say that some leaders are born while others are made, and the way to effective leadership is through the mobilization of the group members—to which I agree. But I intend to expand that idea by incorporating ethical principles into a democratic style of leadership that seriously takes to heart the need for personal interaction coupled with a broad perspective. Indeed, perseverance and dedication to realize those goals stand as indispensable necessities. Reference Leadership Course Overview. (2009). Retrieved 2009, February 2, from http://www. ptk. org/leaddev/students/leadership-course-overview/